INSTITUTIONAL AND ECONOMIC FACTORS INFLUENCE ON THE MOBILITY OF PRODUCTION FACTORS IN THE INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
Abstract
The article explores institutional and economic factors influencing production factor mobility amid growing globalization and interdependence among national economies. It highlights the increasing importance of capital, labor, technology, and knowledge flows in shaping global economic structures, enhancing competitiveness, and determining international production efficiency. In Ukraine’s transitional and post-war context, examining these drivers is crucial for developing integration-oriented economic policies. The study finds that institutional quality – defined by regulatory transparency, rule of law, and corruption levels – and economic conditions like income levels, labor dynamics, tax policies, and technological infrastructure critically influence mobility potential. Global institutions such as the WTO, OECD, and IMF, alongside national regulations, significantly shape cross-border flows. Geopolitical instability, including war-related displacement and capital withdrawal, poses major barriers. Empirical data shows a sharp rise in labor emigration from Ukraine, while investment trends remain volatile, often reliant on donor aid rather than internal stability. Key structural obstacles include poor IP protection, low digital literacy, and limited innovation funding, which hinder technological and knowledge mobility. The research presents a typology of barriers – regulatory, economic, and geopolitical – affecting each factor’s mobility. A comparative analysis outlines issues such as currency restrictions, wage gaps, brain drain, and weak investor confidence. The study concludes that macroeconomic stability, sound regulation, labor efficiency, and innovation ecosystems are essential for promoting sustainable mobility. In conclusion, the research calls for policy adjustments that address institutional weaknesses and economic vulnerabilities, while aligning with broader global trends such as digitalization, labor flexibilization, and decentralized innovation. Future studies are encouraged to deepen methodological frameworks for analyzing factor mobility in transitional economies under conditions of geopolitical turbulence and economic uncertainty
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